C Decision Making Statements

C decision statements are used to make a decision, based on some conditions.

Types of decision-making statements

The if-else statement
The else-if ladder statement
The switch case statement

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If-else Statement

The if statement is used to execute a block of code only if the specified condition is true in C programming.

Syntax of If-else Statement

if(expression)
{
//code to be executed
}
else
{
//code to be executed
}

Example of if-else Statement

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
  int age=19;
  if(age>=18)
  {
   printf("You are eligible to vote");
  } 
  else
  {
   printf("You are not eligible to vote");
  }
   return 0;
}

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If else-if ladder Statement

The if else-if ladder statement is used to execute one code in comparison of multiple conditions in C programming.

Syntax of else-if ladder Statement

if(condition1)
{
//code to be executed if condition1 is true
}
else if(condition2)
{
//code to be executed if condition2 is true
}
else if(condition3)
{
//code to be executed if condition3 is true
}
...
else
{
//code to be executed if all the conditions are false
}

Example of else-if ladder Statement

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
 char vowel;
 printf("Enter the character=");
 scanf("%c",&vowel);
 
 if(vowel=='i' && vowel=='I')
	{printf("%c is a vowel \n",vowel);}
 else if(vowel=='o' && vowel=='O')  
    {printf("%c is a vowel \n",vowel);}
 else if(vowel=='u' && vowel=='U')  
	{printf("%c is a vowel \n",vowel);}
 else if(vowel=='a' && vowel=='A',vowel)  
	{printf("%c is a vowel \n");}
 else 
	{printf("%c is not a vowel",vowel);}
 return 0;	
}

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The switch…case statement

A switch statement is used to compare a variable value against a list values and execute the block of statements associated with the matched case.

Syntax of switch statement

switch(expression)
{
case value_1:
code to be executed;
break;//optional
case value_2:
code to be executed;
break;//optional
case value_3:
code to be executed;
break;//optional
.
.
.
case value_n:
code to be executed;
break;//optional
default:
code to be executed;
}

Example switch statement

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int number;
	
	printf("Enter the Number=");
	scanf("%d",&number);
	
	switch(number)
	{
		case 10:
			printf("Number is equal to %d",number);
		break;
		case 20:
			printf("Number is equal to %d",number);
		break;
		case 30:
			printf("Number is equal to %d",number);
		break;
		default:
			printf("Number is not equal to 10, 20 and 30");

	}
	return 0;
}

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