Git Add

The git add command puts your changes in the staging area. Git will include only the staged changes in the next commit. If you do not add a file, it will not go to the commit.

Syntax

git add <file>
git add <folder>
git add .
git add -A
git add -u

Add one file

The first ?? means the file is untracked. After git add, it shows A (added to the staging area).

Add files by a pattern

You can use a wildcard to add many files with the same extension. The shell expands the pattern, so this works like writing all names.

Add everything with a dot

The dot (.) means the current folder, so all new and changed files in this folder and its sub folders are added.

git add . vs git add -A vs git add -u

The difference is clear when we have a modified file, a deleted file and a new file together. First we commit, then make the three changes.

git add -u stages only the tracked files (modified and deleted). The new file notes.txt is still untracked. Now we use -A:

Command	New files	Modified files	Deleted files
git add .	Yes	Yes	Yes (Git 2.0 and later)
git add -A	Yes	Yes	Yes (whole repository)
git add -u	No	Yes	Yes
git add file	Only that file	Only that file	Only that file

Add parts of a file

Sometimes one file has two different changes, and you want to commit them separately. The patch mode lets you choose the parts (called hunks) one by one.

git add -p index.html

Git will ask for each hunk. You type y to stage it, n to skip it, or s to split it into smaller parts.

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