Why is the main method public static void in Java?

The JVM starts a program by calling public static void main(String[] args).

• public: the JVM is outside your class, so the method must be visible.
• static: the JVM calls it before any object exists.
• void: it does not return a value to the JVM.
• String[] args: the command line arguments.

Since Java 25 you can write a short form for small programs, with no class and no public static:

void main() {
    IO.println("Hello from a compact source file");
}

See Your First Java Program.

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