What are public, protected and private attributes in Python?

Python has no strict access control like Java or C++. Instead it uses naming rules to show how an attribute should be used.

Name	Type	Meaning
name	Public	Can be used from anywhere
_name	Protected	By convention only for the class and its child classes. Python does not stop you
__name	Private	Python renames it (name mangling), so it cannot be reached by its normal name from outside

class Account:
    def __init__(self):
        self.owner = "Robin"
        self._balance = 100
        self.__pin = 1234

a = Account()
print(a.owner)
print(a._balance)
print(a.__pin)

Output:

The private attribute is stored as _Account__pin behind the scenes, so it is hidden from casual use but not truly secret. See Python Access Modifiers for more.

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