What is a constructor in C++ and what are its types?

A constructor initializes an object. It has the same name as the class and no return type.

• Default: no parameters.
• Parameterized: takes values.
• Copy: T(const T&), makes an object from another one.
• Move: T(T&&), takes the data of a temporary.
• Delegating: calls another constructor of the same class.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

class P {
public:
    P() : P("none", 0) { std::cout << "default\n"; }
    P(std::string n, int a) : name(std::move(n)), age(a) { std::cout << "parameterized\n"; }
    P(const P& o) : name(o.name), age(o.age) { std::cout << "copy\n"; }
private:
    std::string name;
    int age;
};

int main() {
    P a;
    P b("Riya", 21);
    P c = b;
}

See Constructors and Destructors.

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