C If Else Statement

Decision making statements run a block of code only when a condition is true. The if statement is the most basic one.

if statement

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    int age = 20;

    if (age >= 18) {
        printf("You can vote.\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

Output:

if else statement

Use else to run another block when the condition is false.

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    int number = 7;

    if (number % 2 == 0) {
        printf("Even number\n");
    } else {
        printf("Odd number\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

Output:

Taking the value from the user

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) {
    int marks;

    printf("Enter marks: ");
    scanf("%d", &marks);

    if (marks >= 40) {
        printf("Pass\n");
    } else {
        printf("Fail\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

Output:

Important points

• In C any non zero value is true and zero is false.
• Always use braces { }, even for one statement. It avoids bugs when you add more lines later.
• Do not put a semicolon after the condition, like if (x > 5);. It makes an empty if.

Next: C Else If Ladder and Nested If.

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